IEC 60268-16:2011 specifies objective methods for rating the transmission quality of speech with respect to intelligibility. It provides a comprehensive manual for all types of users of the STI method in the fields of audio, communications and acoustics. Three methods are presented, which are closely related and are referred to as STI, STIPA, and STITEL. The first two methods are intended for rating speech transmission performance with or without sound systems. The STITEL method has more restricted uses.
1）与声级有关的听觉掩蔽
听觉掩蔽是人听觉过程中的一个固有效应。当人耳听到一个较响的低频声时，它会掩蔽更高的频率。如果它们之间的声级差**过一个给定的闷值，更高频率的声音就可能听不到。这种现象被称为掩蔽的高频扩展。听觉掩蔽效应也取决于掩蔽与被掩蔽频率的声级。由于低声级时掩蔽函数的斜率比高声级时陡，因此在掩蔽与被掩蔽频率的声级差相同的情况下，声级越大，掩蔽效应越明显。
由于掩蔽效应主要是低频对高频，而STI的信号主要是125Hz~8000Hz。因此STI的听觉掩蔽模型考虑了250Hz~8000Hz受上一倍频带声级的影响，125Hz倍频带不受影响。
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